Pleurotus ostreatus , oyster mushroom, istiridye mantarı , kayın mantarı

Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) Quélet 
Champ. Jura. Vosg. 1: 112. 1872.

Common Name: oyster mushroom

• Pileus
  Cap 5-25 cm broad, fan-shaped, broadly convex to sometimes nearly plane at maturity; margin lobed to wavy, especially when young; surface smooth, white to greyish-brown; flesh white, odor of anise.
• Lamellae
  Gills decurrent, white, yellowish in age; veil absent.
• Stipe
  Stipe often absent, when present, short and thick: 0.5-3.0 cm long, 0.5-2.0 cm thick, eccentric or lateral with dense white hairs at the base.
• Spores
  Spores 7.5-9 x 3.5-4.5 µm, smooth, elliptical, nonamyloid. Spore print white.
• Habitat
  Forming overlapping shelves or clusters on stumps and logs of hardwoods, uncommon on conifers, from early fall to mid- winter. Pleurotus ostreatus is a member of the "Fog Flora" fruiting sporadically along the coast during the summer.
• Edibility
   Edible and very popular, although a few people are allergic to it.
• Comments
  Pleurotus ostreatus is believed to be a species complex. In the California, specimens can be found that vary from white and relatively thin-fleshed on oaks to thick fleshed, grey-brown shelves on cottonwood and willow. Whether these differences are environmentally induced or genetic is not clear, but most mycophagists prefer the large, thick-fleshed specimens collected from cottonwood.
• References
  Bas, C., Kyper, TW, Noordeloos, ME & Vellinga, EC (1990). Flora Agaricina Neerlandica—Critical monographs on the families of agarics and boleti occuring in the Netherlands. Volume 2. Pluteaceae, Tricholomataceae. AA Balkema: Rotterdam, Netherlands. 137 p. 
  Breitenbach, J. & Kränzlin, F . (1991). Fungi of Switzerland. Volume 3: Boletes and Agarics (1st Part).Strobilomycetaceae, Boletaceae, Paxillaceae, Gomphidiaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Tricholomataceae, Polyporaceae (lamellate).Verlag Mykologia: Luzern, Switzerland. 361 p. 
  Desjardin, DE, Wood, MG & Stevens, FA (2015). California Mushrooms: The Comprehensive Identification Guide.Timber Press: Portland, OR. 560 p. 
  Petersen, RH & Krisai-Greilhuber, I. (1996). An epitype specimen for Pleurotus ostreatus . Mycol. Res. 100(2): 229-235. 
  Smith, AH (1949). Mushrooms in their Natural Habitats. Sawyer's Inc: Portland, OR. 626 p. 
  Watling, R. & Gregory, NM (1989). British Fungus Flora: Agarics and Boleti. Vol 6. Crepidotaceae and other pleurotoid agarics. Royal Botanic Garden: Edinburgh, Scotland. 157 p.
• Other Descriptions and Photos
  • Michael Wood : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Michael Wood : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Michael Wood : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Michael Wood : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Michael Wood : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Michael Wood : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Fred Stevens : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Fred Stevens : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Fred Stevens : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Fred Stevens : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Terry Goyan : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) — closeup of the gills
  • Boleslaw Kuznik : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Boleslaw Kuznik : Pleurotus ostreatus (CP) 
  • Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month: Pleurotus ostreatus (D & CP)
  • Mushroom Observer: Pleurotus ostreatus (CP)
  • MushroomExpert.com: Pleurotus ostreatus (D & CP)
  • Wikipedia: Pleurotus ostreatus (D & CP)
  • RA Chilton: Pleurotus ostreatus (CP)
  • Robert Rich: Pleurotus ostreatus (D & CP)
  • Pilze, Pilze, Pilze: Pleurotus ostreatus (CP)
  • Arora (1986): p. 134 (D), p. 135 (P), plates 27, 28 (CP)
  • Arora (1991): p. 35 (D & CP)
  • Fischer & Bessette: p. 87 (D), p. 88, 89 (CP)
  • Jordan: p. 331 (D & CP)
  • Lincoff: p. 793 (D), plates 484, 497 (CP)
  • McKenny et al. : p. 94 (D & CP)
  • Miller: sp. 93 (D & CP)
  • Phillips: p. 206 (D & CP)
  • Smith: sp. 81 (D & CP)
  • Smith & Weber: sp. 140 (D & CP)